CNC machine tools are mainly composed of three parts: CNC system, servo system and machine tool body. The design reliability of CNC machine tools depends on the design reliability of the CNC system. The CNC system of modern CNC machine tools tends to adopt the modular hardware structure. According to different numerical control functions of the machine tool, different function modules can be selected for combination. Guided by the principle of optimization, generalization and standardization, the design and manufacture of functional modules can greatly improve the travelability of the numerical control system. At present, China's design and development of the CNC system, its function is further improved, in addition to directly used for processing functions, it should also include man-machine dialogue function, machine tool failure self-diagnosis function, machine tool protection, tool management functions, etc. These functions Equipped to not only reduce the complexity of machine tool use and maintenance, but also greatly improve the reliability of the use of CNC machine tools. During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, China's CNC machine tool backbone manufacturing enterprises jointly completed the project of the National Key Scientific Research Project "Study on Numerical Control Technology and Assembly Engineering" to improve the reliability of CNC machine tools design, and actively digest and absorb FANUC, SIENIENS and other foreign countries. The advanced technology of the numerical control system has increased the MTBF value of domestic CNC machine tools to more than 400 hours, which is close to that of foreign CNC machine tools. The servo system is the electric drive linkage between the CNC system and the machine body. With the rapid increase of the reliability of the CNC system, the highest speed of the CNC machine tool, tracking and positioning accuracy, the quality of parts processing, productivity and workability, etc. The technical indicators are often determined mainly by the dynamic and static performance of the servo system. It can be seen that improving the design of the servo system can improve the reliability of the CNC machine tool. At present, the servo technology has made a major breakthrough. The AC drive has replaced the DC drive and the digital control has replaced the analog control, resulting in an AC digital drive system. In particular, the promotion and application of DSP can increase the calculation speed of the servo system, reduce the sampling time, facilitate debugging, enhance flexibility, and greatly increase the travelability. The reliability of the machine is largely determined by the design reliability of the machine tool body (mainly mechanical transmission structure and functional components) of the CNC machine tool. Our country has always attached importance to the design and manufacture of mainframes, resulting in the functional components of CNC machine tools (such as ball screws, rolling guides, CNC lathe turrets, machining centers, and robots), which are either of poor quality and have less reliability than foreign brands. , It's still blank. To this end, China should vigorously carry out the design and research of functional components. The development of functional components industry, for the functional components of precision mechanical components, such as high-speed ball screws, high-speed rolling guides, tool magazines, and manipulators, must strive to catch up with and exceed foreign brands in terms of quality, performance, and reliability in the short term. product. In addition, the development of the CNC machine tool industry, which is far behind the development of the machine tool, is also to be pursued. The development of novel tool materials, the design of novel CNC machine tool tools, the improvement of the tool durability, and the extension of the precision maintenance time of CNC machine tools. During the “10th Five-Year Plan” period, China’s machinery manufacturing industry developed rapidly in terms of a little more compactness, flexibility, integration, automation, and intelligence. The demand for domestic CNC machine tools is strong, and China’s control of the machine tool industry coincides with excellent development opportunities. However, after China's accession to the WTO, the production and control of foreign machine tools will be more into our country's market, market competition is fiercer. Therefore, improving the design reliability of CNC machine tools has an important significance for ensuring the reliability of its work, enhancing the increasingly fierce market competitiveness, and promoting the rapid development of the machinery industry.
